Education in the Philippines is free and compulsory for children ages 6 through 12. Although Filipino is taught and, in the lower grades, local dialects are also used, English is the main language of instruction. Some 99 percent of the adult population is literate. In the 1997-1998 school year 12.2 million pupils were enrolled in elementary schools, and 5 million students attended secondary schools. Approximately 2 million students attended universities and colleges, such as the University of the Philippines (1908), in Quezon City; Adamson University (1932), the University of the East (1946), Far Eastern University (1928), Feati University (1946), and the University of Santo Tomás (1611), all in Manila; Bicol University (1969), in Legaspi; the University of Mindanao (1946), in Davao; Saint Louis University (1911), in Baguio; and Southwestern University (1946), in Cebu.