Indonesia’s estimated population in 2001 was 228,437,870, giving it an average population density of 120 persons per sq km (311 per sq mi). In 2001 the population was growing by 1.6 percent a year. This was a drop from the annual rate of 1.8 percent during the 1980s and relatively low by the standards of countries with similar income levels. The slow growth rate is partly attributable to economic growth that encourages smaller families and partly a product of the government’s active and successful family planning program.